4-Channel 5V Relay Board Documentation

Component Name

4-Channel 5V Relay Board

Overview

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board is a compact and versatile IoT component designed to control and switch high-voltage or high-current devices remotely using a low-voltage signal. This relay board is ideal for a wide range of applications, including home automation, industrial control, and robotics.

Functionality

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board is designed to switch four independent channels, each capable of controlling a high-voltage or high-current device. The board uses electromechanical relays, which are essentially electronic switches that can be controlled by a low-voltage signal. When a channel is activated, the relay connects the normally open (NO) and common (COM) contacts, allowing the high-voltage or high-current device to turn on. Conversely, when the channel is deactivated, the relay disconnects the NO and COM contacts, turning off the device.

Key Features

4 Independent Channels: The relay board has four separate channels, each with a normally open (NO) and common (COM) contact, allowing for the control of four independent devices.
5V Operating Voltage: The board operates on a 5V DC power supply, making it compatible with most microcontrollers, single-board computers, and other IoT devices.
High-Voltage and High-Current Capability: Each channel can handle high-voltage (up to 250V AC or 30V DC) and high-current (up to 10A) devices, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
Low-Voltage Signal Control: The relay board can be controlled using a low-voltage signal (5V TTL logic level) from a microcontroller or other IoT device, making it easy to integrate into most systems.
Optical Isolation: The board features optical isolation between the input and output stages, providing protection against electrical noise and ensuring reliable operation.
Status Indicators: Each channel has a built-in status indicator LED, providing visual feedback on the relay's state.
Mounting Options: The relay board has screw terminals for secure connection of wires and is equipped with mounting holes for easy installation on a PCB or into an enclosure.

Specifications

Operating Voltage

5V DC

Operating Current

10mA (typical)

Relay Type

Electromechanical

Contact Type

Normally Open (NO) and Common (COM)

Contact Rating

10A @ 30V DC or 250V AC

Control Signal

5V TTL logic level

Operating Temperature

-20C to 75C

Storage Temperature

-40C to 85C

Dimensions

55mm x 35mm x 18mm

Applications

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board is suitable for a wide range of applications, including

Home automation systems

Industrial control systems

Robotics and mechatronics

IoT projects

Security systems

Lighting control systems

Pinout

VCC

5V Power Supply

GND

Ground

IN1-IN4	Channel 1-4 control inputs (5V TTL logic level)
NO1-NO4	Normally Open contacts for channels 1-4
COM1-COM4	Common contacts for channels 1-4

Wiring Diagram

A sample wiring diagram is provided below

+---------------+
|  Microcontroller  |
+---------------+
|
|
v
+---------------+
|  4-Channel   |
|  5V Relay Board  |
+---------------+
|
|
v
+---------------+
|  High-Voltage   |
|  or High-Current  |
|  Device ( Channel 1 ) |
+---------------+
|
|
v
+---------------+
|  ... ( Repeat for channels 2-4 ) |
+---------------+

Note

The wiring diagram is a simplified representation and may vary depending on the specific application and device requirements.

Pin Configuration

4-Channel 5V Relay Board Pinout Documentation
The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board is a popular IoT component used to control high-power devices, such as lights, motors, and appliances, using low-power signals from microcontrollers or other logic-level devices. This documentation provides a detailed explanation of each pin on the board, along with connection guidelines.
Pinout Structure:
The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board has a total of 14 pins, divided into three main sections: Power, Relay Control, and Relay Connections.
1. Power Pins (4)
VCC (Pin 1): 5V Power Input
+ Connect to a 5V power source (e.g., a USB port, a battery, or a 5V wall adapter).
GND (Pin 2): Ground
+ Connect to the ground of the power source and the microcontroller or other devices.
JD-VCC (Pin 13): 5V Power Input for Relay Coil (optional)
+ If using an external power source for the relay coils, connect to a 5V power source. Otherwise, leave unconnected.
JD-GND (Pin 14): Ground for Relay Coil (optional)
+ If using an external power source for the relay coils, connect to the ground of the power source. Otherwise, leave unconnected.
2. Relay Control Pins (4)
IN1 (Pin 3): Relay 1 Control Input
+ Connect to a digital output pin of a microcontroller or other logic-level device to control Relay 1.
IN2 (Pin 4): Relay 2 Control Input
+ Connect to a digital output pin of a microcontroller or other logic-level device to control Relay 2.
IN3 (Pin 5): Relay 3 Control Input
+ Connect to a digital output pin of a microcontroller or other logic-level device to control Relay 3.
IN4 (Pin 6): Relay 4 Control Input
+ Connect to a digital output pin of a microcontroller or other logic-level device to control Relay 4.
3. Relay Connection Pins (6)
NO1 (Pin 7): Relay 1 Normally Open (NO) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 1.
COM1 (Pin 8): Relay 1 Common (COM) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 1.
NC1 (Pin 9): Relay 1 Normally Closed (NC) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 1.
NO2 (Pin 10): Relay 2 Normally Open (NO) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 2.
COM2 (Pin 11): Relay 2 Common (COM) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 2.
NC2 (Pin 12): Relay 2 Normally Closed (NC) Contact
+ Connect to the load (e.g., a light, motor, or appliance) to be controlled by Relay 2.
Notes and Precautions:
Make sure to use the correct voltage and current rating for the relay coils and the loads being controlled.
Use proper wiring and insulation to prevent electrical shock, short circuits, and damage to the board or connected devices.
Avoid connecting high-power devices directly to the relay board without proper electrical isolation and protection.
Follow proper safety guidelines when working with electrical systems and high-power devices.
By following this pinout documentation, you can correctly connect and use the 4-Channel 5V Relay Board in your IoT projects.

Code Examples

4-Channel 5V Relay Board Documentation

Overview

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board is a digital relay module that allows users to control four high-power devices or appliances using a low-power microcontroller or single-board computer. The relay board is designed to operate at 5V and can be easily integrated with popular microcontrollers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and ESP32.

Pinout

The relay board has the following pins:

VCC: 5V power supply
 GND: Ground
 IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4: Input pins for controlling the relays (active low)

How it Works

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board uses four separate relays to switch high-power devices or appliances. Each relay is controlled by an input pin (IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4), which is active low. When an input pin is set to low (0V), the corresponding relay is energized, and the normally open (NO) contact is closed, allowing the high-power device to turn on. When the input pin is set to high (5V), the relay is de-energized, and the normally open (NO) contact is open, turning off the high-power device.

Code Examples

### Example 1: Arduino Control

In this example, we will use an Arduino Uno to control a 12V DC fan using the 4-Channel 5V Relay Board.

```c
const int relayPin = 2; // Relay control pin connected to Arduino digital pin 2

void setup() {
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT); // Set relay control pin as output
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Turn on the fan by energizing the relay
  delay(5000); // Wait for 5 seconds
  digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Turn off the fan by de-energizing the relay
  delay(5000); // Wait for 5 seconds
}
```

### Example 2: Raspberry Pi Control using Python

In this example, we will use a Raspberry Pi to control a 220V AC light bulb using the 4-Channel 5V Relay Board.

```python
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time

# Set up GPIO mode
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

# Set relay control pin
relay_pin = 17

# Set up relay pin as output
GPIO.setup(relay_pin, GPIO.OUT)

while True:
    # Turn on the light bulb by energizing the relay
    GPIO.output(relay_pin, GPIO.LOW)
    time.sleep(5) # Wait for 5 seconds
    # Turn off the light bulb by de-energizing the relay
    GPIO.output(relay_pin, GPIO.HIGH)
    time.sleep(5) # Wait for 5 seconds
```

### Example 3: ESP32 Control using MicroPython

In this example, we will use an ESP32 board to control a 24V DC motor using the 4-Channel 5V Relay Board.

```python
import machine
import utime

# Set relay control pin
relay_pin = 32

# Set up relay pin as output
machine.Pin(relay_pin, machine.Pin.OUT)

while True:
    # Turn on the motor by energizing the relay
    machine.Pin(relay_pin, machine.Pin.LOW)
    utime.sleep(5) # Wait for 5 seconds
    # Turn off the motor by de-energizing the relay
    machine.Pin(relay_pin, machine.Pin.HIGH)
    utime.sleep(5) # Wait for 5 seconds
```

Safety Precautions

When using the 4-Channel 5V Relay Board, please ensure that:

The relay board is powered from a 5V power supply.
 The high-power devices or appliances are suitably rated for the relay board's maximum current capacity.
 Proper safety precautions are taken when working with high-voltage devices or appliances.

Notes

The 4-Channel 5V Relay Board can be used with other microcontrollers and single-board computers, provided they have a 5V power supply and digital output pins.
 The relay board's maximum current capacity is 10A per channel.
 The relay board's operating temperature range is -20C to 75C.